Electronic device and method of displaying information in response to a gesture

ABSTRACT

A method includes displaying a first item on an electronic device and detecting a gesture requesting display of a list. In response to detecting the gesture, a first plurality of representations of items in the list is displayed in a first area while displaying at least a part of the first item in a second area. A characteristic of the gesture that identifies a second item from the list is detected. In response to detecting the characteristic of the gesture, a representation of the second item is displayed as a focused item in the first area. In response to detecting discontinuation of the gesture, the second item is displayed and display of the list is discontinued.

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present disclosure relates to electronic devices, including but notlimited to, portable electronic devices having touch-sensitive displaysand their control.

BACKGROUND

Electronic devices, including portable electronic devices, have gainedwidespread use and may provide a variety of functions including, forexample, telephonic, electronic messaging and other personal informationmanager (PIM) application functions. Portable electronic devicesinclude, for example, several types of mobile stations such as simplecellular telephones, smart phones, wireless personal digital assistants(PDAs), and laptop computers with wireless 802.11 or Bluetoothcapabilities.

Portable electronic devices such as PDAs or smart telephones aregenerally intended for handheld use and ease of portability. Smallerdevices are generally desirable for portability. A touch-sensitivedisplay, also known as a touchscreen display, is particularly useful onhandheld devices, which are small and have limited space for user inputand output. The information displayed on the touch-sensitive displaysmay be modified based on the functions and operations being performed.With continued demand for decreased size of portable electronic devices,touch-sensitive displays continue to decrease in size.

Improvements in devices with touch-sensitive displays are desirable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device such as a portableelectronic device in accordance with the disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a portable electronic device in accordancewith the disclosure.

FIG. 3 through FIG. 11 illustrate examples of previewing information ona portable electronic device in accordance with the disclosure.

FIG. 12, FIG. 22, and FIG. 51 are flowcharts illustrating a method ofcontrolling display of information in accordance with the disclosure.

FIG. 13 through FIG. 21 and FIG. 23 through FIG. 50 illustrate examplesof previewing information on an electronic device in accordance with thedisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following describes an apparatus for and method of controllingdisplay of information for two applications or images. A gesturedetected during display of information associated with a firstapplication or image requests display of information associated with asecond application or image. The information associated with the secondapplication or image may be previewed without opening or launching thesecond application. Optionally, the application may be opened. A singlecontinuous gesture may control the amount of the second application orimage information that is displayed, as well as optionally opening thesecond application.

For simplicity and clarity of illustration, reference numerals may berepeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogouselements. Numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding ofthe examples described herein. The examples may be practiced withoutthese details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, andcomponents are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the examplesdescribed. The description is not to be considered as limited to thescope of the examples described herein.

The disclosure generally relates to an electronic device, such as aportable electronic device or non-portable electronic device. Examplesof portable electronic devices include mobile, or handheld, wirelesscommunication devices such as pagers, cellular phones, cellularsmart-phones, wireless organizers, personal digital assistants,wirelessly enabled notebook computers, tablet computers, mobile internetdevices, electronic navigation devices, and so forth. The portableelectronic device may be a portable electronic device without wirelesscommunication capabilities, such as handheld electronic games, digitalphotograph albums, digital cameras, media players, e-book readers, andso forth. Examples of non portable electronic devices include desktopcomputers, electronic white boards, smart boards utilized forcollaboration, built-in monitors or displays in furniture or appliances,and so forth.

A block diagram of an example of a portable electronic device 100 isshown in FIG. 1. The portable electronic device 100 includes multiplecomponents, such as a processor 102 that controls the overall operationof the portable electronic device 100. Communication functions,including data and voice communications, are performed through acommunication subsystem 104. Data received by the portable electronicdevice 100 is decompressed and decrypted by a decoder 106. Thecommunication subsystem 104 receives messages from and sends messages toa wireless network 150. The wireless network 150 may be any type ofwireless network, including, but not limited to, data wireless networks,voice wireless networks, and networks that support both voice and datacommunications. A power source 142, such as one or more rechargeablebatteries or a port to an external power supply, powers the portableelectronic device 100.

The processor 102 interacts with other components, such as a RandomAccess Memory (RAM) 108, memory 110, a touch-sensitive display 118, oneor more actuators 120, one or more force sensors 122, an auxiliaryinput/output (I/O) subsystem 124, a data port 126, a speaker 128, amicrophone 130, short-range communications 132 and other devicesubsystems 134. The touch-sensitive display 118 includes a display 112and touch sensors 114 that are coupled to at least one controller 116that is utilized to interact with the processor 102. Input via agraphical user interface is provided via the touch-sensitive display118. Information, such as text, characters, symbols, images, icons, andother items that may be displayed or rendered on a portable electronicdevice, is displayed on the touch-sensitive display 118 via theprocessor 102. The processor 102 may also interact with an accelerometer136 that may be utilized to detect direction of gravitational forces orgravity-induced reaction forces.

To identify a subscriber for network access, the portable electronicdevice 100 may utilize a Subscriber Identity Module or a Removable UserIdentity Module (SIM/RUIM) card 138 for communication with a network,such as the wireless network 150. Alternatively, user identificationinformation may be programmed into memory 110.

The portable electronic device 100 includes an operating system 146 andsoftware programs, applications, or components 148 that are executed bythe processor 102 and are typically stored in a persistent, updatablestore such as the memory 110. Additional applications or programs may beloaded onto the portable electronic device 100 through the wirelessnetwork 150, the auxiliary I/O subsystem 124, the data port 126, theshort-range communications subsystem 132, or any other suitablesubsystem 134.

A received signal such as a text message, an e-mail message, or web pagedownload is processed by the communication subsystem 104 and input tothe processor 102. The processor 102 processes the received signal foroutput to the display 112 and/or to the auxiliary I/O subsystem 124. Asubscriber may generate data items, for example e-mail messages, whichmay be transmitted over the wireless network 150 through thecommunication subsystem 104. For voice communications, the overalloperation of the portable electronic device 100 is similar. The speaker128 outputs audible information converted from electrical signals, andthe microphone 130 converts audible information into electrical signalsfor processing.

The touch-sensitive display 118 may be any suitable touch-sensitivedisplay, such as a capacitive, resistive, infrared, surface acousticwave (SAW) touch-sensitive display, strain gauge, optical imaging,dispersive signal technology, acoustic pulse recognition, and so forth.A capacitive touch-sensitive display includes one or more capacitivetouch sensors 114. The capacitive touch sensors may comprise anysuitable material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO).

One or more touches, also known as touch contacts or touch events, maybe detected by the touch-sensitive display 118. The processor 102 maydetermine attributes of the touch, including a location of the touch.Touch location data may include data for an area of contact or data fora single point of contact, such as a point at or near a center of thearea of contact. The location of a detected touch may include x and ycomponents, e.g., horizontal and vertical components, respectively, withrespect to one's view of the touch-sensitive display 118. For example,the x location component may be determined by a signal generated fromone touch sensor, and the y location component may be determined by asignal generated from another touch sensor. A touch may be detected fromany suitable input member, such as a finger, thumb, appendage, or otherobjects, for example, a stylus, pen, or other pointer, based on thenature of the touch-sensitive display 118. Multiple simultaneous touchesmay be detected. One or more gestures may also be detected by thetouch-sensitive display 118. A gesture, such as a swipe, also known as aflick, is a particular type of touch on a touch-sensitive display 118and may begin at an origin point and continue to an end point, forexample, a concluding end of the gesture. A gesture may be identified byattributes of the gesture, including the origin point, the end point,the distance travelled, the duration, the velocity, and the direction,for example. A gesture may be long or short in distance and/or duration.Two points of the gesture may be utilized to determine a direction ofthe gesture. A gesture may also include a hover. A hover may be a touchat a location that is generally unchanged over a period of time or isassociated with the same selection item for a period of time. Thegesture may be a two dimensional gesture, such as a gesture detected bya touch-sensitive input device, e.g., a touch-sensitive display, atrackpad, an optical joystick, a trackball, and so forth. The gesturemay be a three-dimensional gesture, which may be detected by one or moreof a camera, a proximity sensor, an optical sensor, and so forth.

The optional actuator(s) 120 may be depressed or activated by applyingsufficient force to the touch-sensitive display 118 to overcome theactuation force of the actuator 120. The actuator(s) 120 may be actuatedby pressing anywhere on the touch-sensitive display 118. The actuator(s)120 may provide input to the processor 102 when actuated. Actuation ofthe actuator(s) 120 may result in provision of tactile feedback. Whenforce is applied, the touch-sensitive display 118 is depressible,pivotable, and/or movable. Such a force may actuate the actuator(s) 120.The touch-sensitive display 118 may, for example, float with respect tothe housing of the portable electronic device, i.e., the touch-sensitivedisplay 118 may not be fastened to the housing. A mechanical dome switchactuator may be utilized. In this example, tactile feedback is providedwhen the dome collapses due to imparted force and when the dome returnsto the rest position after release of the switch. Alternatively, theactuator 120 may comprise one or more piezoelectric (piezo) devices thatprovide tactile feedback for the touch-sensitive display 118.

Optional force sensors 122 may be disposed in conjunction with thetouch-sensitive display 118 to determine or react to forces applied tothe touch-sensitive display 118. The force sensor 122 may be disposed inline with a piezo actuator 120. The force sensors 122 may beforce-sensitive resistors, strain gauges, piezoelectric orpiezoresistive devices, pressure sensors, quantum tunneling composites,force-sensitive switches, or other suitable devices. Force as utilizedthroughout the specification, including the claims, refers to forcemeasurements, estimates, and/or calculations, such as pressure,deformation, stress, strain, force density, force-area relationships,thrust, torque, and other effects that include force or relatedquantities. Optionally, force information related to a detected touchmay be utilized to select information, such as information associatedwith a location of a touch. For example, a touch that does not meet aforce threshold may highlight a selection option, whereas a touch thatmeets a force threshold may select or input that selection option.Selection options include, for example, displayed or virtual keys of akeyboard; selection boxes or windows, e.g., “cancel,” “delete,” or“unlock”; function buttons, such as play or stop on a music player; andso forth. Different magnitudes of force may be associated with differentfunctions or input. For example, a lesser force may result in panning,and a higher force may result in zooming.

A front view of a portable electronic device is shown in FIG. 2. Thetouch-sensitive display 118 includes a display area 202 in whichinformation may be displayed, and a non-display area 204 extendingaround the periphery of the display area. The display area 202 generallycorresponds to the area of the display 112. Information is not displayedin the non-display area 204 by the display 112, which non-display area204 is utilized to accommodate, for example, electronic traces orelectrical connections, adhesives or other sealants, and/or protectivecoatings around the edges of the display area. The non-display area 204may be referred to as an inactive area. The non-display area 204 istypically not part of the physical housing or frame 206 of theelectronic device. Typically, no pixels of the display 112 are in thenon-display area 204, thus no image can be displayed by the display 112in the non-display area 204. Optionally, a secondary display, not partof the primary display 112, may be disposed under the non-display area204. Touch sensors may be disposed in the non-display area 204, whichtouch sensors may be extended from the touch sensors in the display areaor distinct or separate touch sensors from the touch sensors in thedisplay area 202. A touch, including a gesture, may be associated withthe display area 202, the non-display area 204, or both areas. The touchsensors may extend across substantially the entire non-display area 204or may be disposed in only part of the non-display area 204. Touches maybe detected, for example, starting in the non-display area 204 andcontinuing into the display area 202 or starting in the display area 202and continuing into the non-display area 204, whether or not touchsensors are disposed in the non-display area 204. The portableelectronic device 100 optionally includes a set of convenience keys orbuttons 208, 1308 that may be separate physical keys or buttons orvirtual keys or buttons.

A sequence of responses to various aspects of a gesture is shown in FIG.3 through FIG. 10. Previewing second application information with anoption to open the second application is described. The electronicdevice 100 is in a portrait orientation in these examples, although theexamples apply to a landscape orientation as well. In this example, aweather application is displayed when a notification occurs. Thenotification may indicate, for example, an incoming message, such as anemail or text message, a missed phone call, a meeting notice, a socialnetworking message, and so forth. The notification may be audible and/orvisual. A visual notification may be provided by a separate physicalelement, e.g., a light emitting diode that blinks, or a displayednotification, such as the virtual notifier 302 that appears as ablinking object on the touch-sensitive display. The notification may beprovided for a predetermined period of time or until an actionterminates the notification. The notification may optionally activatemonitoring for a gesture that indicates a request to display informationassociated with a second application for which information is notcurrently being displayed. For example, the monitoring may targetdetection of a touch at specific locations of the display, such as at ornear an edge or side of the display area 202.

During display of information associated with a first application, theweather application in this example, a gesture is detected. The gesturein this example has an origin associated with a lower edge of thedisplay area 202, e.g., a swipe that starts in the non-display area 204and continues onto the display area 202 as shown in FIG. 4. Throughoutthe drawings, a current location of the gesture is shown by a dottedcircle, and a path of the gesture is shown by a dotted line with anarrow indicating most recent direction (if any) of the gesture.Information associated with the first application is referred to asfirst application information, and information associated with thesecond application is referred to as second application informationherein. In this example, the path 402 of the gesture is indicated by thedotted line and arrow. The gesture need not be provided in response tothe notification and may be detected at any time.

The first application information 404 may optionally be displayed in abackground manner, such as in a reduced or gradually reduced size (suchas shown in FIG. 4 through FIG. 9, FIG. 14 through FIG. 17, FIG. 19, andFIG. 20), in a partially or gradually transparent style, in a mannerthat covers or replaces the first application information with thesecond application information (such as shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG.10, and FIG. 20), in a manner that shifts or scrolls the firstapplication information off the touch-sensitive display 118 (such asshown in FIG. 11, FIG. 15 through FIG. 17, FIG. 19, and FIG. 20) othervisual representations, or any combination thereof. The gradual changesin display may optionally take place in response to movement of thegesture or display of the second application information. For example,FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 illustrate that the first application information isreduced in size more as the path 402 of the gesture extends further intothe display area 202.

Optionally, additional information may be displayed with the firstapplication information 404 when this information is displayed in areduced size. For example, a battery level, time, date, signal strength,and one or more message notifications 502 may be displayed, such asshown in FIG. 5. The user may be satisfied with the additionalinformation displayed, and may discontinue the gesture, thus returningthe display to displaying the first application information.

As the gesture continues in the example sequence, the path 402 of thegesture changes direction in FIG. 6, which change in direction triggersthe beginning of the display of the second application information 602.In this example sequence, the second application information 602 shiftsor scrolls onto the touch-sensitive display 118 from a right side oredge of the display 118 relative to the orientation of the drawing.Thus, the second application information 602 shifts or scrolls onto thedisplay 118 from a side or edge of the display 118 different from theedge associated with the gesture, e.g., where the gesture originated.

Optionally, the second application information 602 is gradually shiftedor scrolled onto or off (of) the display 118 along with the movement ofthe gesture. As the path 402 of the gesture moves to the left as theexample proceeds from FIG. 6 to FIG. 7 to FIG. 8, more of the secondapplication information 602 is gradually displayed. This shifting orscrolling provides a user with the ability to view a part of the secondinformation 602 until the user has seen enough information to decidewhether or not to open the second application. The second applicationinformation 602 may optionally be displayed more quickly when thegesture moves more quickly. More of the second application information602 may optionally be displayed as length of the gesture increases, suchas shown in the example in the progression of the gesture from FIG. 6 toFIG. 7 to FIG. 8. Thus, the amount of information displayed mayoptionally be proportional to the length of the path of the gesture orthe length of a part of the path of the gesture. More of the secondapplication information 602 may optionally be displayed the longer thegesture is maintained or detected by the touch-sensitive display. Thus,the amount of information displayed may optionally be proportional tothe duration or length of time of detection of the gesture.

The user is provided with the ability to preview the second applicationinformation without opening the application and to optionally open thesecond application if desired. FIG. 9 illustrates a few differentexamples of gesture characteristics that terminate the preview of thesecond application information. For example, the user may have viewedenough information via preview and does not desire to view moreinformation or open the second application. One gesture option toterminate preview includes changing the path 902 of the gesture in adirection toward the edge or side associated with the origin of thegesture, which is the bottom of the display area 202 in this example.Another gesture option to terminate preview includes changing the path904 of the gesture in a direction toward the edge or side where thesecond application information began to be displayed, such as the edgewhere the information shifts or scrolls onto the display area 202.Another gesture option to terminate preview includes simplydiscontinuing the gesture, e.g., the input member is removed from thetouch-sensitive display 118.

When the gesture ceases, optionally, the first application informationis again displayed on the display 118, as shown in the example of FIG.9. With this option, the first application information 404 may bedisplayed in a gradually increasing size, may shift or scroll back ontothe display area 202, or may be immediately restored to full or normaldisplay size, such as shown in FIG. 3.

Upon previewing the second application information 602, the user maydesire to open the second application, for example, to open or send amessage. The second application may be opened when the gesture includesa characteristic that indicates opening of the second application. Forexample, the path 402 of the gesture may continue from FIG. 8 along theoptional paths 1002, 1004 shown in FIG. 10 to open the secondapplication. The paths 1002, 1004 reflect examples of characteristics orattributes of the gesture that are interpreted by the device 100 to openthe second application. One option for the gesture to open the secondapplication is for the path 1002 of the gesture to continue in itscurrent direction until the gesture is associated with another edge orside of the display, such as the edge or side opposite the edge or sidewhere the display of the second application information 602 entered thedisplay, such as shown in FIG. 10. Another option for the gesture toopen the second application is for the path 1004 of the gesture tochange direction, such as toward the edge or side opposite the edge orside where the display of the second application information 602 enteredthe display, such as shown in FIG. 10. Another option is toautomatically open the second application when the second applicationinformation covers available display area in response to the gesture,for example, when the second application information is displayed acrossa vertical or horizontal extent of the display area 202 or a vertical orhorizontal extent of a window, frame, or field in which the secondapplication information is displayed. A tool bar 1006 may optionally bedisplayed.

Some of the examples herein show an option where the first applicationinformation is displayed in a reduced size. Another option in theseexamples retains the reduced-size first application information at afixed location on the display 118 as the second application informationcovers or replaces the first application information on the display 118.Optionally, the first application information may be displayed withoutchanging the size of the information, i.e., in the same size, such asshown in FIG. 11. When the first application information is displayedsame-size, the first application information may be retained at a fixedlocation on the display 118 as the second application information coversor replaces the first application information on the display 118, or thefirst application information may be shifted or scrolled off the display118 as the second application information is shifted or scrolled on thedisplay 118, such as shown in FIG. 11. Less first applicationinformation, e.g., quantity of information or area of display covered bythe information, may be displayed as more second application informationis displayed.

A flowchart illustrating a method of controlling display of informationfor two applications is shown in FIG. 12. The method may be carried outby software executed, for example, by the processor 102 of theelectronic device, which may be a portable electronic device 100. Codingof software for carrying out such a method is within the scope of aperson of ordinary skill in the art given the present description. Themethod may contain additional or fewer processes than shown and/ordescribed, and may be performed in a different order. Computer-readablecode executable by at least one processor of the portable electronicdevice to perform the method may be stored in a computer-readablemedium, such as a non-transitory computer-readable medium.

Information associated with a first application is displayed 1202 on adisplay, for example, on a touch-sensitive display 118. The image orinformation may includes information associated with any suitableapplication or aspect or element of an application, such as email (alsoreferred to as electronic mail), text messaging, calendar, tasks,address book or contacts, media player, home page, icon (includingactive icons) or widget display page, universal inbox (also referred toas a mailbox), or any other suitable application in or for whichinformation is displayed by or on an electronic device 100. Informationassociated with email may include a list of email messages, informationassociated with a calendar may include a meeting schedule, calendar dayview, week view, month view, or agenda view, information associated withan address book may include a listing of contacts, informationassociated with a media player may include text, pictures, videos, orartwork related to music or other media. The applications andinformation are not limited to the examples provided.

A gesture that indicates a request to display information associatedwith a second application is detected 1204. Detection of the gesturetriggers display of the second application information. The gesture maybe considered to be a command associated with the second application,which command requests, controls, or causes at least part of the secondapplication information to be displayed.

An appropriate gesture is advantageously assigned to request display ofinformation associated with a second application. Advantageously,unintentional display of information is avoided. Thus, the gesture isassociated with the second application. The gesture may be associatedwith a specific location, such as an edge (or side) or corner of thetouch-sensitive display 118, or a displayed item or element, such as aspecial indicator, e.g., a ghosted symbol or word, or a header for anapplication. The beginning, end, or any middle part of the the gesturemay be associated with a location. The gesture may have detectableattributes or characteristics, such as movement, direction, change indirection, shape, duration, length, force, speed, time associated with agiven location as with a hover, number of simultaneous touch locations,number of taps, use in conjunction with a physical key, button, or otherinput device, and so forth. The gesture may comprise depression of atouch-sensitive display 118 that actuates an actuator 120, such asdescribed above. The gesture may comprise any combination of the abovecharacteristics or attributes.

A few examples of a gesture are as follows. The gesture may beassociated with an edge or side of the display area 202 and extends intoor enters the display area 202. A gesture associated with an edge orside of the display area 202 may be, for example, a gesture detected bytouch sensors in the non-display area 204, a gesture that starts outsidethe display area 202 and continues onto the display area, a gesturehaving a touch location (e.g., an origin of the gesture) that is at ornear an outer perimeter of the display area 202, and so forth. A cornerof the display area 202 may be associated with one or both edges orsides that meet at the corner. The gesture may be a hover or othergesture that remains associated with a specific location for a period oftime, such as the sustained touch at a location 2002 associated with acorner of the touch-sensitive display 118 as shown in the example ofFIGS. 20 and 21 or a displayed image such as the icon 2704 in FIG. 27.The input may be a compound gesture, for example, a touch sustained at aspecific location, such as a corner or side of the display, while aswipe is detected. The gesture may be input directly via an inputdevice, e.g., a touch-sensitive display, optical joystick, and so forth,and may include other types of gestures such as 3D gestures or physicalgestures involving movement of the electronic device 100. The gestureneed not be associated with an edge or side.

The second application may be any suitable application, such asdescribed above. The second application information is also describedabove. For example, the second application may be a message application,and the second application information that is displayed is the inboxfor the messaging application. The inbox may be a universal inbox, whichmay include any or all of the following, for example, emails, meetingnotifications, text messages of any type, missed phone callnotifications, social networking messages, system messages, news feedmessages, download progress messages, subscribed information messages,and so forth. The second application may alternatively be a calendar, anaddress book, home screen, and so forth. The second application mayalternatively be a notification application that manages notificationsof various sorts, including notifications related to email, text, missedphone calls, calendar, social networking, and device warnings, such aslow battery or lost communication connection, to name a few.

The first application information and second application information aredisplayed 1206. For example, the second application information may bedisplayed in increasing quantity as the first application information isdisplayed in decreasing quantity. The displayed second applicationinformation may be a preview (or peek) of the second applicationinformation, including, for example, a subset or part of all theavailable second application information. For example, when the secondapplication is an email application, the last five emails may bedisplayed, when the second application is an address book, the ten mostoften accessed contacts may be displayed, and so forth. The preview maybe displayed without opening or launching the second application, inwhich case the previewed information may be retrieved from storedinformation and/or information received via a communication network 150.Previewing or displaying without opening the second application istypically a faster process than opening the second application.

While previewed, second application information is viewable and activeapplication functions are not operable other than to display more orless of the information. For the example of previewing a messaginginbox, email messages cannot be opened and new emails cannot beinitiated during a preview, although the titles, senders, and timeinformation are viewable. For the example of previewing a calendar,existing calendar events cannot be opened and new calendar events cannotbe initiated during a preview, although the titles, meeting initiator,and time information are viewable. The second application may optionallybe opened to engage active application functions. The preview of thesecond application information is displayed, for example, for the timeduration of the gesture or until the second application is opened oractivated.

While the gesture continues 1208, the second application information mayoptionally be displayed by shifting or scrolling 1210 the informationonto or off (of) the touch-sensitive display 118. The shiftingoptionally occurs in accordance with movement of the gesture. Forexample, more information may be displayed as the gesture moves in aforward direction and less information may be displayed as the gesturemoves in a reverse direction. A forward direction may be, for example,the direction that the information takes as it progresses onto thedisplay 118, and the reverse direction is the opposite direction to theforward direction. The shifting or scrolling of the second applicationinformation may continue as long as the gesture continues or until thesecond application is opened 1214 in response to detecting 1212 anindication to open the second application. The first applicationinformation may optionally shift or scroll off the display 118 as thesecond application information scrolls onto the display 118. Similarly,the first application information may optionally shift or scroll ontothe display 118 as the second application information scrolls off thedisplay 118. Thus, the method provides a preview of second applicationinformation without opening the second application while providing aneasily executed option to open the second application.

A sequence of responses to various aspects of gestures is shown in FIG.13 through FIG. 21. Previewing second application information with anoption to open the second application are described. Descriptions offeatures and aspects described above will not be repeated for the sakeof brevity. The electronic device 100 is in a landscape orientation inthese examples, although the examples apply to a portrait orientation aswell. The portable electronic device 100 in FIG. 13 through FIG. 21 hasa different form factor than the form factor of the portable electronicdevice 100 of FIG. 2 through FIG. 11. The method described hereinapplies to any form factor.

The first application in this example is the same weather applicationfrom the above examples, although the information is displayed in alandscape orientation, as shown in FIG. 13. A notification, such asdescribed above, may optionally be provided, such as the virtualnotifier 302. The gesture that indicates a request to displayinformation associated with a second application is detected. Thegesture in this example has an origin associated with a right edge orside of the display area 202, e.g., a swipe that has a path 1402 thatstarts in the non-display area 204 and continues onto the display area202 toward the left as shown in FIG. 14. The gesture need not beprovided in response to the notification and may be detected at anytime.

As shown in FIG. 15, the second application information 1502 shifts orscrolls onto the display 118 beginning at the right side or edge of thedisplay 118 when the gesture is detected, which may include a slightdelay. In this example, the second application information 1502 scrollsor shifts onto the display 118 from the same edge or side associatedwith the gesture.

As shown in the progression of path 1402 of the gesture from FIG. 15 toFIG. 16 to FIG. 17, the second application information 1502 shifts orscrolls onto or off (of) the display 118 along with or in accordancewith movement of the gesture. For example, when the gesture moves to theleft, the information moves proportionately to the left; when thegesture moves to the right, the information moves proportionately to theright. Similarly, when the gesture moves up or down, the informationmoves proportionately up or down, respectively, such as shown in theexample of FIG. 19. As described above, the first applicationinformation may shrink or shift or scroll off the display 118 as thesecond application information shifts or scrolls onto the display 118.

The preview or display of the second application information 1502 mayend as described above, e.g., upon cessation of the gesture, when thesecond application information 1502 is scrolled or shifted off thedisplay 118, and so forth. The preview terminates when the secondapplication is opened or launched. As before, upon previewing the secondapplication information 1502, the user may desire to open the secondapplication, for example, to open or send a message. The secondapplication may be opened when the gesture includes a characteristicthat indicates opening of the second application. For example, the path1402 of the gesture may continue along the optional paths 1802, 1804shown in FIG. 18 to open the second application. The paths 1802, 1804reflect examples of characteristics or attributes of the gesture thatare interpreted by the device 100 to open the second application. Oneoption for the gesture to open the second application is for the path1802 of the gesture to continue in its current direction until thegesture is associated with another edge or side of the display, such asthe edge or side opposite the edge or side where the display of thesecond application information 1502 entered the display, such as shownin FIG. 18. Another option for the gesture to open the secondapplication is for the path 1804 of the gesture to change direction,such as toward the edge or side opposite the edge or side where thedisplay of the second application information 602 entered the display,such as shown in FIG. 18. Another option is to automatically open thesecond application when the second application information coversavailable display area in response to the gesture, for example, when thesecond application information is displayed across a vertical orhorizontal extent of the display area 202 or a vertical or horizontalextent of a window, frame, or field in which the second applicationinformation is displayed. A tool bar 1806 may optionally be displayed.

Second application information may scroll or shift onto the display 118from a different edge or side, such as the bottom of the display area202, such as shown in FIG. 19. In this example, the gesture isassociated with the same edge from which the scrolling or shiftingbegins, although the gesture may originate from any edge or side orcorner.

Different gesture types other than moving gestures may be utilized topreview the second application information. As shown in the example ofFIG. 20 and FIG. 21, a gesture comprising a stationary touch or hover ata location 2002 associated with one of the corners of the display area202 initiates the preview, which continues as described above. An iconmay optionally be displayed at the location 2002. More of the secondapplication information 1904 may optionally be displayed the longer thegesture is maintained or detected by the touch-sensitive display 118 atthe location 2002. In the example of FIG. 20, the first applicationinformation is displayed same-size, and the first applicationinformation is retained at a fixed location on the display 118 as thesecond application information covers or replaces the first applicationinformation on the display 118. The preview may terminate, for example,when the gesture ceases to be detected or moves to a substantiallydifferent location. The second application may be opened, for example,when a second touch is detected at a location 2102 associated with adifferent corner, such as shown in FIG. 21.

When preview is terminated, display of the second applicationinformation may optionally be shifted off or scrolled off the display118 along with movement of the gesture or over a period of time. Thesecond application information may recede in the direction in which theinformation was displayed or may continue off the opposite edge of thedisplay area 202 from which display began. Optionally, the display ofthe second application information may be immediately terminated orfaded gradually off the display.

In the above examples, the gesture is a continuous gesture whiledisplaying at least part of the second application information withoutopening the second application. Although other non-continuous gesturesmay be utilized, a continuous gesture facilitates a more smooth displayof the information as well as more quickly changing what is displayed aswell as the end of the display of the second application information.The user is provided with the ability to preview as much secondapplication information as desired without opening the secondapplication, with the option to quickly and easily open the secondapplication at any time with the same gesture utilized to preview thesecond application information. The method described herein is a naturaland efficient method for previewing information with an option to openthe application. Because previewing is typically faster than opening thesecond application, battery is conserved as well as providing a moreefficient interface to the user because the user is able to obtaininformation without being required to open the second application.

Although the second application is opened in the above examples with acontinuation of the gesture, other input may be utilized to open thesecond application, such as a second gesture that overlaps in time withthe original gesture that indicates a preview, a menu selection,depression of a physical key, and so forth.

The second application information is displayed in the above examplesstarting from the right or the bottom edge or side of thetouch-sensitive display 118, which has the advantage of displaying theinformation in a left-to-right manner or chronologically, respectively.Nevertheless, display of the second application information may startfrom any edge or side of the display 118. For example, display of thesecond application information may begin from the left side, as if thesecond application information appears to be below or completelyobscured by the first application information, and a gesture beginningat the left reveals the second application information beginning at theleft edge or side.

A flowchart illustrating a method of controlling display of informationof images is shown in FIG. 22. The method may be carried out by softwareexecuted, for example, by the processor 102 of the electronic device,which may be a portable electronic device 100. Coding of software forcarrying out such a method is within the scope of a person of ordinaryskill in the art given the present description. The method may containadditional or fewer processes than shown and/or described, and may beperformed in a different order. Computer-readable code executable by atleast one processor of the portable electronic device to perform themethod may be stored in a computer-readable medium, such as anon-transitory computer-readable medium.

A first image is displayed 2202 on a display, for example, on atouch-sensitive display 118. A gesture that indicates a request todisplay information associated with a second image is detected 2204.Detection of the gesture triggers display of the second image. Thegesture may be considered to be a command associated with the secondimage, which command requests, controls, or causes at least part of thesecond image to be displayed. Characteristics of an appropriate gestureand examples of such gestures are described above.

The first image and second image may include information associated withone or more applications, information elements or features of anapplication, documents or files created with an application, and soforth. The images may be associated with any suitable application, suchas email, text messaging, calendar, tasks, address book or contacts,media player, home or icon display page, universal inbox, or any othersuitable application for which the image including information isdisplayed by or on an electronic device 100. An image associated withemail may include information such as a list of email messages, an imageassociated with a calendar may include a meeting schedule, calendar dayview, week view, month view, or agenda view, an image associated with anaddress book may include a listing of contacts, an image associated witha media player may include text, pictures, videos, or artwork related tomusic or other media. The first image and second image may be related todifferent applications or the same application. The images may berelated to the same application in different ways. The images mayinclude information of different elements, aspects, or features of theapplication that include different information related to theapplication, such as an inbox, email message, a message attachment ordocument, and an account listing that includes the inbox among theaccounts. The different elements, aspects, or features of an applicationmay be hierarchically organized and any part of an application may bepreviewed from any other part. For example, the first image may includeinformation from an inbox, such as a universal inbox, and the secondimage may include information from a message from the inbox. In anotherexample, the first image may include information from a message, and thesecond image may include information from the inbox. In other examples,one of the images may include information from a document associatedwith an email message, such as an attachment or webpage launched from alink in the email message. Another example of an image includes anaccount listing for one or more accounts associated with the electronicdevice 100. The applications and information are not limited to theexamples provided.

The first image and second image are displayed 2206. For example, thesecond image may be displayed in increasing quantity or size as thefirst application information is displayed in decreasing quantity orsize. The displayed second image may be a preview (or peek) of thesecond image, including, for example, a subset or part of all theavailable information for the second image. For example, when the secondimage is associated with an email application, the last five emails maybe displayed, when the second application is an address book, the tenmost often accessed contacts may be displayed, and so forth. The previewmay be displayed without opening or launching the associatedapplication, in which case the previewed information may be retrievedfrom stored information and/or information received via a communicationnetwork 150. Previewing or displaying without opening the associatedapplication is typically a faster process than opening the application.The preview may alternatively be displayed when the application isalready open, although not necessarily displayed.

While previewed, an image is viewable and active application functionsassociated with the second image may not be operable other than todisplay more or less of the information. For the example of previewing amessaging inbox, email messages cannot be opened and new emails cannotbe initiated during a preview, although the titles, senders, and timeinformation are viewable. For the example of previewing a calendar,existing calendar events cannot be opened and new calendar events cannotbe initiated during a preview, although the titles, meeting initiator,and time information are viewable. The associated application mayoptionally be opened to engage active application functions. The previewof the second image is displayed, for example, for the time duration ofthe gesture or until the second image is fully displayed or activated,e.g., when the second image replaces the first image or fillssubstantially the whole display, window, frame, or field in which theinformation is displayed.

While the gesture continues 2208, the relative size of display of thefirst image and the second image may be adjusted. For example, thesecond image may optionally be displayed by shifting, sliding, orscrolling 2210 the second image onto the display as the first image isshifted, slid, or scrolled off (of) the touch-sensitive display 118.Similarly, the second image may optionally be displayed by shifting,sliding, or scrolling 2210 the second image off the display as the firstimage is shifted, slid, or scrolled onto the touch-sensitive display118. The amount or size of display of the images may optionally takeplace in response to movement of the gesture. The display of the imagesmay progressively increase in size or decrease in size along withmovement of the gesture. For example, the display of the second imagesmay progressively increase in size as the gesture continues, e.g., in afirst direction, along a given path, or simply continues in time. Thedisplay of the second image may progressively decrease in size when thegesture changes direction, e.g., reverses direction. As the second imagetake up more space on the display or increases in size, the first imagetakes up less space on the display or decreases in size. For example,more of the second image may be displayed as the gesture moves in aforward direction and less information may be displayed as the gesturemoves in a reverse direction. A forward direction may be, for example,the direction that the information takes as it progresses onto thedisplay 118, and the reverse direction is the opposite direction to theforward direction.

Optionally, a third image may be displayed 2212 in addition to the firstimage and the second image. The third image may be an intermediateimage. For example, when the first image is an attachment or otherdocument opened from a message, and the second image is at least a partof an inbox (or universal inbox), the third image may be at least partof the message. For example, the third image may be displayed betweenthe first message and the second message, and may be displayed with thefirst image in a leafed format, such as shown in FIG. 31. In an examplewhere an attachment is displayed before previewing or displaying aninbox, when the gesture is detected, the third image of the message andthe second image of the inbox are displayed and the first image of theattachment is reduced. As the gesture continues, the second image isincreased in size and information as the third image and the first imageare reduced in size. Any number of intermediary images may be displayed.

The adjusting of display of the first and second images may continue aslong as the gesture continues or until the second image is displayed andthe first image is no longer displayed 2216 in response to detecting2214 an indication to provide such a display, such as when a thresholdfor the gesture is met. The threshold may include a distance traveled bythe gesture in one direction, a time duration of the gesture, thegesture passing a location on the display 112, and so forth. Forexample, the application associated with the second image may be openedat 2216. Thus, the method provides a preview of a second image withoutopening an application associated with the second image while providingan easily executed option to open the associated application. Thepreview or peek may alternatively be displayed when the application isrunning on the device 100, although not currently displayed.

Reducing display of an image includes displaying the image in a smallersize, in a partially or gradually transparent style, in a manner thatcovers, obscures, or replaces the first image with a second image, in amanner that shifts, scrolls, or slides the first image off thetouch-sensitive display 118, other visual representations, or anycombination thereof. Thus, reducing may include reducing the amount orquantity of information displayed for the image.

In the example of FIG. 23, while an image 2302 is displayed, anotification, such as the virtual notifier 302, is provided. Thenotification may be both visual and audible. The visual notification maybe provided on the display 112 as a virtual notifier 302 or via aseparate visual component such as a light-emitting diode. The user maywish to know what type of message arrived that caused provision of thenotification. The user may gesture to view or preview a notificationbar. As shown in FIG. 24, a gesture is detected along the path 2402. Thegesture starts at the left edge in this example. In response todetecting the gesture in this example, one or more icons 2404 aredisplayed at or near the edge where the gesture began while the displayof the image is reduced, as described above. The display may be gradualin that more of the icons are displayed as the gesture continues in timeor distance. The icons 2404 may represent different messaging orcommunication applications, such as one or more email accounts, one ormore text accounts or types of texts, one or more social networkingapplications, one or more calendar applications, one or more voicemessage applications, and so forth. Optionally, an indicator 2406, suchas a number, may be displayed to indicate how many unread messages arepresent for the application. The icon 2404 displayed on top mayrepresent the application from which the most recent message arrived,such as the message that arrived that caused the notification to beprovided prior to detecting the gesture. Although the icons 2404 aredisplayed in a column on the left side of the display 112, the icons2404 may alternatively be displayed in a column on the right side or ina row at the top or bottom of the display 112. Optionally, the icons2404 may be displayed along the edge where the gesture originates.

Examples relating to previewing or peeking of different images orinformation are shown in FIG. 25 through FIG. 32. An image of anapplication that is a universal inbox including a list of a plurality ofelements shows the latest information from the universal inbox displayedin chronological order in FIG. 25. A gesture is detected including atouch at a location 2502 associated with an element of the inbox, whichis an email in this example. Information elements for a universal inboxinclude email messages, text messages, calendar events, voice messages,missed call messages, social networking messages, composition windows orscreens or a draft message, and so forth. Other applications may haveinformation elements, such as a document or file created by theapplication, for example, a text document created by a text application,a spreadsheet created by an accounting program, a media file for a mediaplayer, and so forth. Menus or navigation windows, such as tabs oroverflow lists, may also be information elements associated with anapplication and may be previewed. In response to detecting a gesture, atleast a part of an element may be displayed or previewed while reducingdisplay of the first image. For example, in response to detecting thegesture, an image of the email message 2602 is gradually displayed orpreviewed as the image of the inbox is reduced, such as shown in FIG.26. The amount or size of the message 2602 displayed may be adjustedalong with the gesture, which is at touch location 2604 in FIG. 26,e.g., as the gesture including the touch locations 2502 and 2604continues. When the gesture discontinues prior to opening the message,the display of the message discontinues, and the image of the inbox isdisplayed.

When the gesture extends across the display or meets a time or distancethreshold, the message is opened for display and interaction, such asshown in FIG. 27. While the message 2702 is displayed, a notification inthe form of a virtual notifier 302 is displayed as shown in FIG. 27. Agesture is detected along the path 2802 as shown in FIG. 28, in responseto which gesture an image of an updated inbox is displayed or previewedwhile reducing display of the message. In this example, the messageshifts, slides, or scrolls off the display as more of the image of theupdated universal inbox is displayed or previewed. The amount of theuniversal inbox displayed may be progressively increased or decreased asthe gesture moves along the display 118. Thus, the gesture may controlhow much of the image of the inbox is displayed or previewed. In thisexample, the gesture is discontinued prior to displaying the image ofthe universal inbox across the display or displaying the full width (orheight) of the universal inbox. For example, the user may see enoughinformation in the updated image of the universal inbox, e.g., the newtext message from Michael Lan asking about lunch at the top of theuniversal inbox, and the user discontinues the gesture. The messagepreviously reviewed, such as shown in FIG. 27, is displayed again. Theimage of the message may snap back across the display 112 or maygradually shift, slide, or scroll back until displayed across thedisplay 112. Alternatively, the image of the universal inbox may bedisplayed across the display 112 when the gesture crosses the display ora threshold distance, time, or location of the gesture is met.

A document, such as an attachment, webpage, or contact, may be enclosedwith a message such as an email. For example, while the image of theemail is displayed, a gesture such as a tap is detected at a location2902 associated with a display of a representation of a document asshown in FIG. 29. In response to the detecting, an image of the document2904, which is a map, is displayed. The document 2904 may be scrolled,shifted, or slid onto the screen until the document 2904 covers thewidth of the display area 202 or the window, frame, or field in whichthe document 2904 is displayed.

While the document 2904 is displayed, a notification in the form of avirtual notifier 302 is displayed as shown in FIG. 30. In this example,the user decides to view the inbox to see what message came in and makesa gesture to preview the inbox. The gesture is detected along the path3102, and the image of the updated universal inbox is displayed as shownin FIG. 31. A new meeting notice is marked with * in a circle toindicate a new or unread message. The part or size of the image of theupdated universal inbox displayed or previewed may progressivelyincrease or decrease along with movement or path 3102 of the gesture.For example, more of the image of the updated universal inbox may bedisplayed as the gesture continues in the same direction as the path3102 of FIG. 31, and less of the image of the updated universal inboxmay be displayed as the gesture continues in a different direction suchas the opposite direction of the path 3102 shown in FIG. 31. The displayof the document 2904 is reduced or increased as the display of the imageof the updated universal inbox is increased or decreased, respectively.Optionally, a part of the element may also be displayed in addition tothe image of part of the document. As shown in the example of FIG. 31,the universal inbox is displayed or previewed while an image of part ofthe message 2702 is displayed along with an image of part of thedocument 2904 related to the element 2702, which document is the map2904. The three images may be displayed to give the appearance of aleafed or layered arrangement of these images, with the inbox on thebottom, the message in the middle, and the map on top. The display ofthe part of the image of the universal inbox, and optionally the displayof message 2702 (if displayed), may be discontinued when the gesture isno longer detected. When such display is discontinued the map image isdisplayed, such as shown in FIG. 30. When the gesture meets a threshold,such as a time, distance, or location of the gesture, the document andmessage, if applicable, is no longer displayed, and the image of theupdated universal inbox is displayed.

Another option includes displaying or previewing a document from arelated information element. For example, the map attachment may bepreviewed in response to detecting a gesture along the path 3202 thatstarts at the right edge of the display 112 and continues to the left inFIG. 32. More or less of the attachment is displayed as the gesturemoves to the left or right, respectively, along the display.

Optionally, an indication of an order of the application, the element,and the related document may be displayed to facilitate navigation orpreviewing of these items. The indication may indicate a direction for agesture to display at least part of the application, at least part ofthe element, and at least part of the document, e.g., left or right, upor down, and so forth. Optionally, one or more icons or selection items2704, such as shown in FIG. 27, may be displayed to navigate or previewbetween images or layers of an application, such as the main applicationinformation, an information element, and a document. When a touch isdetected that is associated with the icon 2704, the display is changedas either information is displayed or previewed from a different imageor layer.

In another example, the element may be a compose screen or window for amessage or calendar event. The user may peek or preview the inbox fromthe compose screen or window with a gesture. In response to detecting agesture, an image of the inbox is displayed or previewed as display ofthe compose screen is reduced. When the gesture meets a threshold lengthor distance, including a gesture across the width of the display, theimage of the inbox is open, the compose screen or window is closed, andthe element is saved as a saved element when the element includesunsaved changes. An indication of the saved element may be displayedwith the image of the inbox. For example, when an email is composed butnot saved, and the gesture meets the threshold, the email isautomatically save, and an indication of the saved message is displayedas part of the image of the inbox.

While peeking at or previewing a list of items, the peeked list may beutilized to preview one or more other items in the list. For example,when viewing or peeking at an inbox, such as a universal or unifiedinbox, one or more different items such as electronic messages includingemails, texts, missed calls, and so forth may be temporarily previewedor displayed by changing a focus on the inbox entries. In anotherexample, the previewed items are entries in a peeked contact list. Mediaitems, such as photographs, songs, or videos, may be previewed whilepreviewing a list of a media list. Items in a folder may be previewedwhile previewing the folder. Items from other types of lists, includingcollections, catalogs, inboxes, search results, or other groups ofitems, for other applications may also be previewed while previewing thelist. When the gesture moves in a first direction, a size of the firstarea is changed along with movement of the gesture. When the gesturemoves in a second direction, a representation of one of the plurality ofrepresentations of items is displayed as a focused item in the firstarea based on a location of the gesture, wherein the first direction isdifferent from the second direction.

An example of previewing an item from peeking at a list is shown in FIG.33 through FIG. 36. An email is displayed on an electronic device 100 asshown in FIG. 33. In the example, the user wants to decide whether toattend the movie referred to in the email of FIG. 33, remembers an emailfrom received from Don Landis earlier in the day asking about dinner,and decides to peek at the inbox to find the earlier email. Theelectronic device detects a peek gesture that has a path 3404 and is ata touch location 3402 shown in FIG. 34. The peek gesture requestsdisplay of the inbox, which is list that includes inbox entries that arerepresentations of the inbox items, such as emails, texts, missed calls,social networking messages, and so forth. In response to detecting thegesture, a plurality of inbox entries are displayed in a first area 3406while at least a part of the originally displayed email is displayed ina second area 3408 of the touch-sensitive display 118. In this example,the two areas 3406, 3408 comprise all of the display area 202 except forthe navigation bar 3412. The currently displayed email from Mike Littenis displayed as a focused item in the inbox by highlighting this inboxentry in gray as shown in FIG. 34 in this example. The size of the firstarea 3406 and the size of the second area 3408 is controlled by movementof the gesture in a left or right direction in the example of the FIG.34. As the gesture moves to the right, the size of the first areaincreases as the size of the second area decreases. Guides 3410 mayoptionally be displayed to indicate one or more directions of thegesture, which direction changes the focus in the list.

The gesture continues to a touch location 3502 after the path 3404changes direction in a downward direction, as shown in FIG. 35. Thetouch location 3404 is associated with an email from Don Landis. Thetouch location 3404 is a characteristic of the gesture that identifies asecond item from the list. In this example, the characteristic isdetected by the electronic device 100 after detecting a change indirection of the gesture. The path of the gesture may continue for apredetermined distance after the change in direction of the gesture inorder for the focused item to change. The characteristic may be detectedafter detecting the gesture at a touch location for a predeterminedperiod of time or after detecting a touch associated with a symbol oricon. The gesture, including the touch location 3404 associated with thesecond item, is detected in the second area 3408 in this example. Inresponse to detecting the characteristic of the gesture, arepresentation of the second item is displayed as a focused item in thefirst area. In this example, the Don Landis email is displayed as afocused item by highlighting this inbox entry in gray as shown in FIG.35. In response to detecting discontinuation of the gesture, the seconditem is displayed and display of the list is discontinued. In thisexample, the gesture ends at the touch location 3502 shown in FIG. 35,the inbox is no longer displayed, and the Don Landis email is displayed.in the combined first and second areas 3406, 3408. Optionally, inresponse to detecting the characteristic of the gesture, e.g., a touchlocation 3502 associated with the second item, the first item, MikeLitten's email, may discontinue being displayed in the second area 3408,and the second item, Don Landis's email, is displayed in the second area3408. Although this example illustrates previewing a list from an itemrelated to the list, the list may be previewed from an item unrelated tothe list, such as from a different application. For example, whenviewing a website, detecting the gesture may result in peeking at aninbox, and different items may be previewed during the peek by changingthe focused item as described above.

Another example of previewing alternate entries in a list while peekingat the list is shown in FIG. 37 through FIG. 40. While displaying aweather application, e.g., as shown in FIG. 3, a gesture is detectedthat requests display or peek of the inbox. The gesture may be detectedwhile any information is displayed, including information from anyapplication. For example, the Mike Litten email from the inbox mayalternatively be displayed, such as shown in FIG. 33. In response todetecting the gesture, the inbox is displayed in a first area 3706 whiledisplaying at least a part of the first electronic message in a secondarea 3708 of the display 112 of the electronic device as shown in FIG.37. The path 3704 of the gesture begins at the left side of theelectronic device and continues to the touch location 3702 shown in FIG.37. A focused representation of the Mike Litten email is shown in thefirst area 3706 while part of the weather application is displayed inthe second area 3708. Alternatively, if the gesture is detected whiledisplaying Mike Litten email as shown in FIG. 33, the Mike Litten emailis displayed in the second area 3708 as shown in FIG. 34.

After the path 3704 of the gesture changes direction as shown in FIG.38, the touch location 3802 of the gesture identifies a secondelectronic message, e.g., the Toby Rider email, a focused representationof the Toby Rider email is displayed in the first area 3706 as ahighlighted inbox entry, and at least a part of the Toby Rider email isdisplayed in the second area 3708. As the path 3704 of the gesturecontinues downward as shown in FIG. 39, the touch location 3902 of thegesture identifies a third electronic message, e.g., the Jason Gambonmessage, a focused representation of the Jason Gambon message isdisplayed in the first area 3706 as a highlighted inbox entry, and atleast a part of the Jason Gambon message is displayed in the second area3708. As the path 3704 of the gesture continues further downward asshown in FIG. 40, the touch location 4002 of the gesture identifies afourth electronic message, e.g., the Don Landis email, a focusedrepresentation of the Don Landis email is displayed in the first area3706 as a highlighted inbox entry, and at least a part of the Don Landisemail is displayed in the second area 3708. When the gesture continuesdownward to the bottom of the second area, the inbox entries may startto scroll, such as shown and described in the example of the FIG. 43 andFIG. 44, and additional inbox entries may be displayed other than thoseshown in the first area 3706 in FIG. 37 through FIG. 40. Alternatively,when the gesture turns in an upward direction, different items aredisplayed as focused as the touch location changes vertically. When thepath 4004 of the gesture either moves back to the left side of thedisplay 118 or the path 4006 of the gesture moves upward until the touchlocation is again associated with the Mike Litten email, e.g., when thegesture is reversed, the display returns to the state before the gesturewas detected, and either the weather application or the Mike Littenemail is displayed without display of the inbox, such as shown in FIG. 3or FIG. 33. The peek gesture facilitates scrolling through an inboxwhile previewing the information for the inbox entries, e.g., electronicmessages, missed calls, and so forth.

An example of previewing contacts in a contact list or address bookwhile peeking at the contact list is shown in FIG. 41 through FIG. 44.While displaying a contact record or item with information for BradBillings as shown in FIG. 41, a gesture is detected that requestsdisplay or peek of the contact list. The gesture may be detected whileany information is displayed, including information from the contactlist or any other application. In response to detecting the gesture,which is an upward hook right gesture in the example, at least a part ofthe contact list is displayed in a first area 4206 by displaying a listof representations of the contact records from the contact list, orcontact list entries, while displaying at least a part of the contactrecord from FIG. 41 in a second area 4208 of the display 112 of theelectronic device as shown in FIG. 42. The Brad Billings entry in thelist is highlighted in the first area 4206 as shown in FIG. 42. The path4104 of the gesture begins at the bottom of the touch-sensitive display118 of the electronic device, continues upward, and turns to the rightto the touch location 4202 shown in the example of FIG. 42. In thisexample, the gesture turns downward as shown in FIG. 43, and acharacteristic of the gesture is the touch location 4302 at or near thelower edge of the second area 4208, which causes the contact list toscroll. A new contact entry for Fred Furico is scrolled onto the displayin the first area 4206, which contact entry is displayed with ahighlight to indicate that the entry is a focused item. The Fred Furicocontact is also previewed in the second area 4208 as shown in FIG. 43.The path 4104 of the gesture holds at the same touch location 4302 inFIG. 44, causing the list to continue scrolling. A new contact entry forGladys Gam is scrolled onto the display in the first area 4206, whichcontact entry is displayed with a highlight to indicate that the entryis a focused item. The Gladys Gam contact is also previewed in thesecond area 4208 as shown in FIG. 44. The contact list may alternativelybe scrolled in the opposite direction by changing the path 4404 of thegesture in an upward direction and holding the touch at or near theupper edge of the second area 4208. Scrolling with the peek gesturefacilitates display of representations of an item not displayed with theinitial plurality of representations. When discontinuation of thegesture is detected, the focused item is displayed across the combinedfirst and second areas 4206, 4208, such as shown in FIG. 41. The peekgesture facilitates scrolling through the contact list while previewingthe contact information in the contact records.

An example of previewing photographs in a photo album or collectionwhile peeking at the photo album is shown in FIG. 45 through FIG. 48.The photo album comprises a grid of photos, such as thumbnailrepresentations, as shown in the example of FIG. 45. A touch is detectedat the touch location 4502 associated with Photo 1 as shown in FIG. 45,and Photo 1 is displayed as shown in FIG. 46 in response to detectingthe touch. While displaying Photo 1, a gesture is detected that requestsdisplay or peek of the photo album. The gesture may be detected whileany information is displayed, including information from the photo albumor any other application. In response to detecting the gesture, at leasta part of the photo album is displayed in a first area 4706 bydisplaying a grid of representations of the photos from the photo albumwhile displaying at least a part of Photo 1 from FIG. 46 in a secondarea 4708 of the display 112 of the electronic device as shown in FIG.47. The path 4704 of the gesture begins at the left side of theelectronic device, continues across the display to the right, and turnsdownward to the touch location 4702 shown in the example of FIG. 47. Inthis example, a characteristic of the gesture is the touch location 4702associated with Photo 9. The thumbnail representation of Photo 9 isdisplayed as a focused item in the first area 4706, which representationis displayed with a highlight to indicate that this representation is afocused item. Photo 9 is also previewed in the second area 4708 as shownin FIG. 47. A number of thumbnails are not visible due to display ofPhoto 9 in the second area 4708. When the path 4704 of gesture isdetected moving further in the original direction to the touch location4802 shown in FIG. 48, another column of thumbnails is revealed. Thethumbnail representation of Photo 10 is displayed as a focused item inthe first area 4706, which representation is displayed with a highlightto indicate that this representation is a focused item. Photo 10 is alsopreviewed in the second area 4708 as shown in FIG. 48. Any item in thiscolumn may be previewed when the gesture moves up or down without movingleft or right so far as to change the column of displayed entries. Inthis way, the peek gesture may move left or right or up and down topreview any item in a grid. A similar process may be filed to view otherinformation displayed in a grid, such as other media, including videosor songs, calendar items, and so forth.

The photo album may also be scrolled, for example, when a touch locationis maintained for a predetermined period of time at or near one of theedges of the second area of the display 112, such as a top or bottomedge of the second area or the display area. Scrolling with the peekgesture facilitates display of representations of an item not displayedwith the initial plurality of representations. When discontinuation ofthe gesture is detected, the focused item is displayed across thecombined first and second areas 4706, 4708, such as shown in FIG. 46.The peek gesture facilitates scrolling through the photo album whilepreviewing the photo album. An alternative process for displaying afocused item in a grid includes changing the column of displayedrepresentations, such as thumbnails, in the first area 4906 as shown inthe example of FIG. 49. The second column of photos of the photo albumis displayed in the first area 4906, as shown in FIG. 49. Another methodof changing the focused representation is shown in FIG. 50. Therepresentation that becomes focused item moves across the album as shownby the arrows in FIG. 50. For example, the gesture characteristic thatcauses the focused item to change may be a hovering touch in apredetermined location. While the touch remains at the predeterminedlocation, the focused item changes, and the current focused item isdisplayed in the second area 4908 (not shown for the sake of simplicityof the drawing). In this example, when the focused item is “under” thesecond area 4908, the focused item may not be displayed, or simply anoutline of the focused item may be shown, e.g., as a dotted outline ofthe focused thumbnail.

A flowchart illustrating a method of controlling display of informationwhile peeking or previewing a list in an electronic device, such as aportable electronic device, is shown in FIG. 51. The method may becarried out by software executed, for example, by the processor 102.Coding of software for carrying out such a method is within the scope ofa person of ordinary skill in the art given the present description. Themethod may contain additional or fewer processes than shown and/ordescribed, and may be performed in a different order. Computer-readablecode executable by at least one processor of the electronic device toperform the method may be stored in a computer-readable medium, device,or apparatus, which may be a non-transitory or tangible storage medium.

A first item is displayed 5102. The first item may be displayed 5102from any application, including an item from the list to be previewed5106. When a gesture, which may be referred to as a peek gesture, isdetected 5104, the process continues at 5106. The gesture, which may beany suitable gesture including any of the gestures described above,requests display of a list, such as an inbox, a contact list, a medialist, calendar events, and so forth. In response to detecting thegesture, a plurality of representations of items are displayed 5106 in alist or grid in a first area while displaying at least a part of thefirst item in a second area. The combined first area and second area maycomprise most or all of the display area 202 of the display 112.

While the gesture continues 5108, when a gesture characteristic thatidentifies a second item from the list is detected 5110, the processcontinues at 5110. The gesture characteristic may be a touch locationassociated with a second item from the list. The gesture characteristicmay also be a time a touch location remains at the same location orposition, a change in nature, such as curved versus straight, or othersuitable gesture characteristic. For example, when the peek gestureoperates in a first direction, a change or movement in the peek gesturein a different direction, such as at or near a right angle to the firstdirection, causes a new item from the list to be identified. Thedistance the gesture moves to select a new item may not be the same asthe distance between the items. The initial distance to identify a newitem may be larger to avoid inadvertent identification of another item.The distances between touch locations that change the identification ofthe item may vary along the length or width of the display. Thedistances between touch locations that change the identification of theitem may be affected by the initial location of the peek gesture. Inresponse to detecting when a location of the gesture identifies 5110 asecond item from the list, a focused representation of the second itemis displayed 5112 in the first area. A focused representation includes avisual characteristic that distinguishes a focused item from the otheritems in the list. For example, the focused item may be highlighted witha different background color or pattern, the focused item may have asymbol or shape displayed on or around it, the focused item may bedisplayed in bold, italics, or underscoring, the focused item may bedisplayed with one or more visual effects such as a glow or blinkingelement, and so forth. Optionally, at least a part of the second itemmay be displayed 5114 in the second area in place of the first item.While the gesture continues 5116, when new gesture characteristics aredetected 5110, e.g., when a location of the gesture identifies 5110 anew or different item from the list, a focused representation of the newor different item is displayed 5112 in the first area and at least apart of the new or different item is optionally displayed 5114 in thesecond area in response to the detecting at 5110. In response todetecting discontinuation of the gesture 5118 while displaying thefocused representation of an item, that item is displayed and display ofthe list is discontinued. Optionally, detection of a gesturecharacteristic, such as a touch location associated with or located ator near an edge of the second area, may scroll the list to display atleast one representation of an item other than the plurality ofrepresentations previously displayed.

When the gesture moves in a first direction, a size of the first area ischanged along with movement of the gesture. When the gesture moves in asecond direction different from the first direction, displaying, as afocused representation, one of the plurality of representations of itemsin the first area based on a characteristic such as a location of thegesture. In the examples described, one item is displayed as a focuseditem at one time, and the peek gesture is located in the second area ofthe display. Alternatively, multiple items may be focused at one time,and the peek gesture may alternatively be located in the first area orthe first area and the second area. Peeking or previewing a list whiledisplaying one of the items in the list is a quick way to display orpreview items from a list, such as emails, contacts, photos, itemsstored in a folder, search results, and so forth. The peek gesture mayalso facilitate scrolling through a list while previewing the items orinformation in the list. Any suitable gesture may be utilized as thepeek gesture or the gesture that previews or requests display ofinformation, including a list such as an inbox, contact list, mediaalbum, or any information from any application that may be displayed,peeked or previewed. The gesture may contain any suitable number ofcomponents, shapes, and changes of direction.

Previewing or displaying one image while displaying another in responseto a gesture may include displaying the same side of each image, e.g.,displaying the left sides, the right sides, the tops, or the bottoms ofboth images, while the opposite sides of the images are not displayed.For example, as the gesture continues, one side of the previewed imageincreases in size, e.g., more information is displayed in a larger area,while the opposite side of the image, the part that is not displayed, isreduced or decreases in size. Alternatively, the images may be placedend to end as the second image is displayed. Unlike progressing orsliding pages or pictures by swiping or flicking, previewing ordisplaying of one image while displaying another in response to agesture as described herein provides control of how much of the secondimage is displayed, how fast the second image is displayed, and how longthe second image is displayed or persists, including an option toquickly end the display of the second image by ending the gesture and anoption to open or activate an application associated with the secondimage.

Previewing or displaying one image while reducing display of anotherimage in response to a gesture is different from displaying an animationor cascading images onto a screen in response to a flick or swipe.Previewing persists the display of the previewed image or application ina controllable manner, instead of an animation or cascade that oncestarted, runs to completion without being able to control what or howthe images are displayed, e.g., the displayed is predetermined andunchangeable. Previewing may include statically displaying someinformation or part of one image in one area while the other image isdynamic or moves across another area of the display as the gesturecontinues. Described another way, the previewed image may be displayedbeginning at one edge of the image, and the information that persists asbeing displayed stays at the same location on the display, although moreinformation for the image is displayed as the gesture continues. Theother image, which was displayed before the preview, may be dynamicallydisplayed, in that the information of this image that persists in beingdisplayed moves across the display, although less information for thisimage is displayed as the gesture continues. The total area in which thetwo images are displayed remains the same, although the area for eachimage changes, i.e., the area in which one image is displayed increasesas the area in which the other image is displayed decreases. Typically,the amount of information displayed in the areas also changes, e.g.,more information is displayed in the area that increases for thepreviewed image. The non-previewed image may be reduced by shrinking thedisplayed information, virtually covering, obscuring, or concealing theinformation or replacing it with the information from the previewedimage, or any other method of reducing the information displayed for theimage or application, such as described above.

In one example, a first quantity of information of a first image isdisplayed in a first area including a second area adjacent to a thirdarea. In response to detecting a gesture, a second quantity ofinformation of a second image is displayed in the second area while athird quantity of information of the first image is displayed in thefirst area, wherein the third quantity of information is a subset of thefirst quantity of information. As the gesture continues, the secondquantity of information increases as the third quantity of informationdecreases. The second area increases in size as the third area decreasesin size. The second image includes a second part opposite to the firstpart, and the second part of the second image is not displayed when thefirst part of the second image is initially displayed.

In another example, a method comprises displaying a first image in afirst area, wherein the first area includes a second area adjacent to athird area, wherein first information is displayed in the first area andsecond information is displayed in the second area, detecting a gesture,and in response to detecting the gesture, displaying a second image inthe second area while displaying the first information of the firstimage in the first area. A size of the second area may be increased insize and more information in the second image may be displayed while thesize of the first area may be decreased in response to movement of thegesture. Display may be static in one of the first area and the secondarea, and display may be dynamic in the other of the first area and thesecond area.

In another example, a method comprises displaying a first image on atouch-sensitive display, detecting a gesture, and in response todetecting the gesture, displaying a part of a second image anddisplaying a first part of the first image adjacent to the part of thesecond image and discontinuing display of a second part of the firstimage. More of the second image may be progressively displayed anddisplaying progressively less of the first image may be progressivelydisplayed as the gesture continues to be detected. Display of the secondimage may discontinue when the gesture is no longer detected.Optionally, in response to detecting that the gesture meets a threshold,the second image is displayed and display of the first image isdiscontinued. The part of the second image may be displayed adjacent toa first edge of the touch-sensitive display. Prior to detecting thegesture, the first part of the first image may be displayed adjacent toa first edge of the touch-sensitive display, and, in response todetecting the gesture, the part of the second image may be displayedadjacent to the first edge and displaying the first part of the firstimage adjacent to the second image. The first image may include a secondpart of the first image opposite to the first part of the first image.As the gesture continues, an area of display of the part of the secondimage may progressively increase in size. As the gesture continues, anarea of display of the first part of the first image may progressivelydecrease in size. An area of display of the part of the second image mayprogressively increase in size or decreases in size along with movementof the gesture. A quantity of information displayed in the second imagemay progressively increase in size or decrease in size along withmovement of the gesture.

The first image and the second image may include any combination ofinformation from applications, information elements of applications, anddocuments related to applications. The following are a few examples ofimage pairs. The first image may include an image of an inbox, and thesecond image may include an image of an email message. The first imagemay include an image of an email message, and the second image mayinclude an image of an inbox. The first image may include an image of anattachment to an email message, and the second image may include animage of an inbox. The first image may include an image of an emailmessage, and the second image may include an image of attachment to anmail message. The first image may include an image of an attachment toan email message, and the second image includes an image of an emailmessage. One of the first image and the second image may include animage of an inbox including a plurality of notifications of messagesfrom a plurality of different message applications. The second image mayinclude one of an email message, a text message, a social networkmessage, a phone message, and a calendar event message.

The above examples describe displaying a first application or image andpreviewing second application information or image, for example withoutopening the second application, or with an option to open the secondapplication in response to detecting a gesture or characteristics of thegesture. The displayed selection items of a previewed application orimage may be inactive (e.g., no function is performed when a touch isdetected that is associated with a displayed selection item) or active(e.g., one or more functions are performed when a touch is detected thatis associated with a displayed selection item). Alternatively, theselection items may initially be inactive and later change to beingactive. Optionally, different gestures or gestures associated withdifferent edges or sides or corners may preview multiple differentapplications or images. For example, a gesture associated with the rightedge previews a messaging inbox, a gesture associated with the left edgepreviews a calendar, a gesture associated with the bottom edge previewsan address book, and a gesture associated with the top edge previews auser-selected application. The user may be provided with the option toassign the application with the desired edge or side or corner.Optionally, the side from which the gesture begins may hierarchicallydisplay, preview, or reveal related images. For example, a gesturebeginning along the one side may preview images in one direction of thehierarchy, and a gesture beginning along the opposite side may previewimages in the opposite direction of the hierarchy.

Although the method is advantageous for portable electronic devices dueto the limited display size on a portable electronic device, such as asmartphone, the method may be applied to other electronic devices thathave a larger display size.

Although the above examples illustrate various different features, thefeatures of any example may be utilized with any other example unlessthe features conflict. For example, features of FIG. 2 through FIG. 11or FIG. 23 through FIG. 50 may be utilized in a landscape orientation,and features of FIG. 13 through FIG. 21 may be utilized in a portraitorientation. Other features are interchangeable but are too numerous toidentify briefly.

Detection of the gesture controls how much of the second image orapplication is displayed. For example, the detected location or movementof the gesture may control the size of the image or applicationinformation that is displayed, previewed, or revealed. Shifting,sliding, or scrolling of information or an image onto a display areagenerally includes gradually moving or progressively adding informationor an image onto a display area. Shifting, sliding, or scrolling ofinformation or an image off (of) a display area generally includesgradually moving or progressively removing information or an image froma display area. The shifting, sliding, or scrolling of secondapplication information or a second image onto the display may causeshifting or scrolling of first application information or a first imageoff the display or may cover or replace the first applicationinformation or first image, such that the first application informationor first image appears to be below the second application information orsecond image. The display of the information associated with a firstapplication or first image may be reduced as the display of theinformation associated with the second application or second image isincreased. The information associated with the second application orsecond image may shift onto the touch-sensitive display from a firstedge of the touch-sensitive display while the information associatedwith the first application or first image shifts off a second edge ofthe touch-sensitive display, wherein the second edge is opposite thefirst edge. Icons or information other than the first applicationinformation or first image may also scroll or shift onto or off of thedisplay as the first application information or first image or thesecond application information or second image scrolls onto or off ofthe display, changes size, and so forth. The first applicationinformation or first image may be displayed from one edge of the deviceas the second application information or second image moves away from oris concealed beginning at the same edge of the device. The images orapplications may be previewed or displayed as if each image orapplication is in a different layer and display of one or more of theimages or applications is reduced to reveal the image or application inthe layer below. As shown in the examples, the different images orinformation for different applications or application parts aredisplayed in separate, non-overlapping windows, frames, fields, or areasof the display. The windows, frames, fields, or areas are advantageouslyadjacent to each other, although they need not be adjacent.

The second application information or image that is previewed may beadjusted by the user. For example, the user may identify the quantity ofinformation to be previewed, e.g., 10 latest unread emails, 5 mostrecently accessed contacts, and so forth.

Information may be previewed or peeked in from any side of the display,including the top, bottom, left, or right sides. Touches such asgestures may be utilized having any suitable direction(s), shape(s),starting point, and/or ending point. Any of the examples describedherein may be implemented in either portrait or landscape orientation.The terms left, right, top, bottom, and so forth are utilized herein forpurpose of providing a perspective for reference but are not otherwiselimiting.

The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms withoutdeparting from its spirit or essential characteristics. The describedexamples are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative andnot restrictive. The scope of the disclosure is, therefore, indicated bythe appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. Allchanges that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of theclaims are to be embraced within their scope.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: displaying a first item onan electronic device; detecting a gesture requesting display of a list;in response to detecting the gesture, displaying a first plurality ofrepresentations of items in the list in a first area while displaying atleast a part of the first item in a second area; detecting acharacteristic of the gesture that identifies a second item from thelist; in response to detecting the characteristic of the gesture,displaying a representation of the second item as a focused item in thefirst area; in response to detecting discontinuation of the gesture,displaying the second item and discontinuing display of the list.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising, in response to detecting thecharacteristic of the gesture, discontinuing display of the first itemand displaying the second item in the second area.
 3. The method ofclaim 1, wherein detecting the characteristic of the gesture comprisesdetecting a touch location associated with the second item afterdetecting a change in direction of the gesture.
 4. The method of claim1, wherein detecting the characteristic of the gesture comprisesdetecting a touch location associated with the second item afterdetecting the gesture at a touch location for a predetermined period oftime.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the characteristic ofthe gesture comprises detecting the gesture at a touch locationassociated with the second item.
 6. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising scrolling the list to display at least one representation ofan item other than the first plurality of representations.
 7. The methodof claim 1, further comprising, when the touch location of the gestureis associated with an edge of the second area, scrolling the list todisplay at least one representation of an item other than the firstplurality of representations.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein: whenthe gesture moves in a first direction, changing a size of the firstarea along with movement of the gesture; when the gesture moves in asecond direction different from the first direction, displaying arepresentation of one of the plurality of representations of items asthe focused item in the first area based on a location of the gesture.9. The method of claim 1, wherein the first item is from the list. 10.The method of claim 1, wherein the gesture controls a size of the firstarea and a size of the second area.
 11. The method of claim 1, whereinthe list comprises an inbox and the first item comprises an electronicmessage.
 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first item comprisescontact information and the list comprises a contact list or addressbook.
 13. A computer-readable storage device having computer-readablecode executable by at least one processor of the portable electronicdevice to perform the method of claim
 1. 14. A method comprising:displaying a first item on an electronic device; detecting a gesturerequesting display of a list; in response to detecting the gesture,displaying a plurality of representations of items in the list in afirst area while displaying at least a part of the first item in asecond area; in response to detecting when a location of the gestureidentifies a second item from the list, displaying a focusedrepresentation of the second item in the first area and displaying atleast a part of the second item in the second area; in response todetecting when a location of the gesture identifies a third item fromthe list, displaying a focused representation of the third item in thefirst area and displaying at least a part of the third item in thesecond area.
 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising, in responseto detecting discontinuation of the gesture while displaying the focusedrepresentation of the second item, displaying the second item anddiscontinuing display of the list.
 16. The method of claim 14, furthercomprising, in response to detecting discontinuation of the gesturewhile displaying the focused representation of the third item,displaying the third item and discontinuing display of the list.
 17. Themethod of claim 14, further comprising scrolling the list to display atleast one representation of an item other than the plurality ofrepresentations.
 18. The method of claim 14, further comprising, whenthe touch location of the gesture is associated with an edge of thedisplay, scrolling the list to display at least one representation of anitem other than the plurality of representations.
 19. The method ofclaim 14, wherein: when the gesture moves in a first direction, changinga size of the first area along with movement of the gesture; when thegesture moves in a second direction different from the first direction,displaying, as a focused representation, one of the plurality ofrepresentations of items in the first area based on a location of thegesture.
 20. A method comprising: displaying a first electronic messagefrom an inbox on an electronic device; detecting a gesture requestingdisplay of the inbox; in response to detecting the gesture, displayingthe inbox in a first area while displaying at least a part of the firstelectronic message in a second area; in response to detecting when alocation of the gesture identifies a second electronic message from theinbox, displaying a focused representation of the second electronicmessage in the first area and displaying at least a part of the secondelectronic message in the second area; in response to detecting when alocation of the gesture identifies a third electronic message from theinbox, displaying a focused representation of the third electronicmessage in the first area and displaying at least a part of the thirdelectronic message in the second area.
 21. The method of claim 20,wherein: when the gesture moves in a first direction, changing a size ofthe first area along with movement of the gesture; when the gesturemoves in a second direction different from the first direction,displaying, as a focused representation, one of the plurality ofrepresentations of items in the first area based on a location of thegesture.
 22. The method of claim 20, further comprising scrolling thelist to display at least one representation of an item other than theplurality of representations.
 23. The method of claim 20, furthercomprising displaying a first electronic message when the gesture isreversed.